Francisco de Vitoria's onto-ethical foundation of the person
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For Vitoria, the source of any right is man's dignity as a rational and free being, capable of critical reflection on his thoughts and actions, and therefore a responsible moral subject who sees himself as a person. Man's humanity lies in the fact that he constitutes himself as a moral person and a subject capable of right and duty through his rationality, since through the use of his rational faculty and, consequently, of his freedom, he possesses mastery over his own acts and ultimately asserts himself as master of freely choosing his destiny and of using things and inferior creatures for the accomplishment of his own ends. The capacity for rationality and the free will as specific activities of the spiritual soul structure human consciousness in its interiority as an existing, responsible and autonomous being. They are the root and foundation of man's moral personhood, for they are the basis of his ability to be his own
master or to have rights.
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References
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