Importancia clínica de las quejas subjetivas de memoria en la detección precoz del deterioro cognitivo leve el rol de la familia
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Introducción: Existe gran interés clínico en la optimización del proceso diagnóstico del deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) y la evaluación de las quejas subjetivas de memoria (SMC) reportada por el propio sujeto o sus informantes, que podría resultar la herramienta a utilizar para tal fin. Objetivos: determinar la importancia clínica de las SMC en la detección precoz del deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL) y objetivar el papel de los informantes clave en la
evaluación del deterioro de la memoria. Método: Revisión bibliográfica y análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo de la información recogida. Un total de 30 artículos son incluidos para su desarrollo. Resultados: Sobre los seis tópicos en los que se organiza la información recopilada se encuentra discrepancia de resultados entre las distintas investigaciones, aunque parece existir evidencia con solidez suficiente para la realización de ciertas afirmaciones. Conclusiones: Las SMC son predictivas del progreso a DCL años antes del inicio del déficit destacable en pruebas objetivas de rendimiento, por lo que son un buen indicador temprano del deterioro. Aunque en los momentos iniciales las quejas de los pacientes cognitivamente sanos determinan con más precisión su desempeño en pruebas objetivas, es habitual una reducción de conciencia del déficit con el progreso del mismo, lo que hace imprescindible la valoración aportada por los informantes cercanos. Estos reportes no están carentes de sesgos y son necesarias más investigaciones al respecto.
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